The Ozone Behavior and Variability of Thickness Free Essays

string(46) " Pole in Figure 7 and South Pole in Figure 2\." The Ozone Behavior and Variability of Thickness Introduction The ozone O3has good and bad effects on the Earth. For illustration the stratosphere, where most of the ozone is located, absorbs harmful UV beams. Because the ozone plays such an of import function on human life and the ecosystem, it is of import to invariably endeavor to larn more about the ozone and record and analyze informations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ozone Behavior and Variability of Thickness or any similar topic only for you Order Now Harmonizing to Shaw, while both O and ozone together absorb 95 to 99.9 % of the sun’s UV radiation, merely ozone efficaciously absorbs the most energetic UV visible radiation, known as UV-C and UV-B, which causes biological harm ( Shaw, 2014, p. 3 ) . When UVC is absorbed by free O groups in the stratosphere, they break apart into two O atoms, and so they combine with O2molecules to organize stratospheric ozone Oxygen3, shown by the undermentioned reactions: Oxygen2+hvi O + O O + O2+ M i O3+ M wherehvis ultraviolet radiation and M is an inert molecule that enhances the reaction of O with O2. The ozone is created, destroyed and created once more in rhythms, of course. While there are legion reactions of how the ozone is destroyed of course, anthropogenetic substances/processes are increasing the devastation the ozone. Examples of anthropogenetic substances/processes would be CFC’s such as infrigidation, air conditioning and aerosol propellents. Halons ; man-made chemicals that can be used to snuff out fires. Burning of fossil fuels. If the ozone continues to be destroyed faster than the natural procedure of being created, less and less of the harmful UV visible radiation will be absorbed in the stratosphere and will finally do it to the Earth’s surface. The UV radiation to the surface would ensue in effects to the worlds and the ecosystems such as the addition of skin malignant neoplastic disease instances, development of cataracts, lessening in photosynthetic productiveness, an addition in vaporization rates and lessening in precipitation. To protect the ozone’s hereafter from anthropogenetic substances the Montreal Protocol, adopted in 1987, with extra understandings, required states to diminish the sum of atmospheric concentrations of CFCs. With these understandings, concentrations chlorine began to diminish in 1995 ( Sahw, 2014, p. 6 ) . Analyzing the information recorded about the ozone thickness provides grounds on whether the ozone is consuming or non, penetration on the effects of anthropogenetic substance/processes and aid in the formation of theories, such as the ozone repairing itself. This assignment will supply a general apprehension of the tendency of longitudinal sets -60/-55, -40/-35, -10/-5, 15-20, 30/35 and 50/55 for the old ages of 1997 – 2005. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was provided for this assignment by Professor Shaw. Harmonizing to the hand-out provided the information was collected by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer ( TOMS ) for the old ages of 1997 – 2005. The TOMS instrument provides scientists with a planetary position of the stratospheric ozone bed in existent clip with measurings for the full universe every 24 hours ( Shaw, 2014, p. 6-7 ) . The provided information was manipulated in an excel spreadsheet to concentrate on latitudinal sets -60/-55, -40/-35, -10/-5, 15/20, 30/35, 50/55. The given informations was so manipulated and graphs created utilizing excel to be better represented and more easy understood. Each latitudinal set of involvement was individually graphed over the eight twelvemonth span to compare by the months of January, April, July and October. Then the one-year mean for each latitudinal set of involvement was calculated ( non including the months with zero readings ) and put into a graph demoing the tend ency of the entire ozone thickness over the eight twelvemonth span. More specific inside informations may be found in the lab instructions titledThe Chemistry of the Ozone Layer( Shaw, 2014, p. 8 ) . Additionally, a press release by Mindy Shaw and the text edition,Global Environment: Water, Air and Geochemical Cycles, were available with information sing the behaviour of the stratigraphic ozone. After reading the stuff sing the stratigraphic ozone the graphs were interpreted and hypothesis’ formed. Consequence Figure 1: The one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal sets -60/-55, -40/-35, -10/-5, 15-20, 30/35, 50-55 for the old ages of 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records.img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.001.png"/ Figure 2: The monthly tendency of the ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set -60/-55 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.002.png"/ Figure 3: The monthly tendency of the ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set -40/-35 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.003.png"/ Figure 4: The monthly tendency of the ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set -10/-5 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.004.png"/ Figure 5: The monthly tendency of the ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set 15/20 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.005.png"/ Figure 6: The monthly tendency of the ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set 30/35 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.006.png"/ Figure 7: The monthly tendency of the ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set 50/55 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1250577.007.png"/ Discussion Harmonizing the Figures 2 – 7, the variableness in the tendencies of the latitudinal sets gets larger the further off from the equator they are. Vice versa the closer to the equator the less variableness there is, as seen in Figures 4 and 5. This correlativity is due to the Earth’s joust. As the Earth jousts towards the Sun the Earth receives more sunlight and consequences in longer yearss. This addition in sunlight additions the sum of high-energy solar atoms striking the ambiance which consequences in an addition in coevals of ozone. The information besides shows a tendency of a thicker ozone bed near the poles during the spring seasons for the single poles respectfully ( Figure 2 and Figure 7 ) . The North Pole spring season begins around March while the South Pole spring season begins around September. A upper limit of thickness is shown for the North Pole in Figure 7 and South Pole in Figure 2. You read "The Ozone Behavior and Variability of Thickness" in category "Essay examples" This addition in thickness during the spring season could perchance be due to the accretion of ozone transported from the Torrid Zones during the autumn and winter seasons. The twelvemonth to twelvemonth informations shows that surprisingly the ozone thickness is bit by bit increasing over clip ( Figure 1 ) . In fact, out of the latitudinal sets of involvement, the latitudinal set -10/-5 was the lone one to diminish in thickness over the eight twelvemonth span. This information entirely ( including merely the old ages of involvement from 1997 – 2005 ) does non back up the theory that the ozone is being depleted quicker than it is being of course created ; nevertheless, the correlativity of the alteration should be noted as due to the lessening of anthropogenetic substance by the Montreal Protocol, adopted in 1987, and other extra understandings that decreased the atmospheric concentrations of CFCs. This proves an opposite relationship that a lessening in anthropogenetic substance consequences in an addition in ozone thickness. Decision Because the ozone plays such an of import function to human life and the ecosystem, it is of import to understand the behaviour and variableness of its thickness. Knowing the ozone’s behaviour allows us to protect our hereafter and cognize to diminish the usage of anthropogenetic substances/processes. By analysing informations over old ages, scientist can foretell whether or non the ozone is being depleted faster than it is of course being created or if it is repairing itself. Harmonizing to the informations the ozone fluctuates in thickness globally due to latitudinal place, seasonal alterations and the increase/decrease of anthropogenetic substances. While latitudinal place and seasons is a natural procedures in assisting with creative activity and devastation rhythm of the ozone, the sum anthropogenetic substances is something that can be controlled. The information proves that a lessening in anthropogenetic substance consequences in an addition in ozone thickness. Appendix: Appendix 1: The monthly norm and one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set -60/-55 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records. Monthly Average and Annual Mean Ozone Thickness For the Latitudinal Band -60 / -55 Thickness measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual Mean 1997 309.5 297.8 292.4 294.9 292.9 297.2 301.7 314.6 323.6 326.8 323 309.3 307 1998 304.5 295.4 289.1 290.2 299.3 318.7 323.1 317.9 316.3 334.9 332 310.9 311 1999 301.5 292.8 288.8 290.6 299.9 309.8 316.3 314 325.5 333.6 329.8 306.5 309 2000 297.2 293.9 291.6 291.4 291.3 295.2 296.5 295.7 321.7 344.5 337.3 322.1 307 2001 307.8 297.9 295.1 296 305.6 315.8 315.4 310 321 328.8 330 309.2 311 2002 301.6 292 294.7 291.8 299.5 313.5 327.5 338.8 351.5 367.9 343 325.2 321 2003 313.3 304.2 295.2 293.9 297 299.1 303.6 299 315.3 344.1 342.2 321.1 311 2004 307.3 299.6 295.7 302.1 301.1 308.2 310.6 321.4 334.9 344 329.4 313.7 314 2005 308.8 295.1 287.4 287.9 290.5 299.6 303 317.4 329.5 342.9 338.6 0 309 Appendix 2: The monthly norm and one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set -40/-35 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records. Monthly Average and Annual Mean Ozone Thickness For the Latitudinal Band -40 / -35 Thickness measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual Mean 1997 270.3 269.2 267.3 266.2 271.6 280.5 290.1 305.6 319 317.3 302.9 285.8 287 1998 277.4 272.8 271.8 273.8 284.3 300.8 316.3 323 335.8 329.9 312.8 295.6 300 1999 271.5 268.9 267.8 268.3 272.9 286 302.8 318.8 327.4 327 311.6 286.6 292 2000 274.5 268.7 265.2 268 277.9 296.1 312.2 330.2 336.4 331.1 309.6 286.6 296 2001 278.9 271 268.2 269.9 279.6 301.1 319.3 326 335.4 332.1 317.8 297.6 300 2002 284.3 279.8 274.5 276.4 282.5 296 311.3 326.6 330 330.8 311.3 297.7 300 2003 284.3 279.5 273.9 272.6 276.4 296 314.8 331.4 339.5 334.8 316.6 292.9 301 2004 280.4 273.8 270.5 263.5 270.8 279.9 294.5 312 324 319.6 305.7 285.7 290 2005 275.7 272.1 271 271.2 281.7 303.8 319.7 335.2 340.7 335.6 309.8 0 302 Appendix 3: The monthly norm and one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set -10/-5 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records. Monthly Average and Annual Mean Ozone Thickness For the Latitudinal Band -10 / -5 Thickness measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual Mean 1997 254 257 260.5 260.3 255.4 256.8 258.7 259.5 265.5 266.8 259.7 247.9 259 1998 242.2 245.9 248.7 249.1 249.6 250.1 256.6 264.9 272.9 273.7 269.4 267.3 258 1999 260.9 262 260.6 262.2 262.1 261.3 264.5 267.5 273.1 272.7 265.3 258.2 264 2000 257.7 258.4 260.7 261.1 259.7 258.5 258.2 263.6 269 264.2 258.5 253.5 260 2001 253.1 249.5 251.8 252.6 248.8 247.5 250.8 257.4 269.5 273.3 272.8 270.1 258 2002 269 271.4 269.6 267.2 261.5 258.9 258.5 263.9 268.3 268.8 264 254.6 265 2003 252.1 253.5 255.7 255.4 254.1 255.9 257.4 262.9 268.9 264.3 260 258.5 258 2004 254 258.9 261 262.7 261.4 260.6 264.5 267.6 273.3 267.3 261.9 256.6 262 2005 253.2 253.2 252.4 251.6 251.1 252.7 256 259.8 264.2 264.5 257.8 0 256 Appendix 4: The monthly norm and one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set 15/20 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records. Monthly Average and Annual Mean Ozone Thickness For the Latitudinal Band 15 / 20 Thickness measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual Mean 1997 236.5 239.8 253.2 267.7 271.9 273.2 276.8 272.7 268.1 263 254 247.7 260 1998 243.8 250.5 262.4 276.3 281 281.6 282.3 280.5 276.1 265 249.4 244.2 266 1999 240 243 255.1 272.2 280.9 282.8 282.2 281 277.9 269.3 259.7 254.7 267 2000 256.3 262.9 270.8 283.4 285.7 283.6 281.5 280.2 275.7 264 253.9 247.8 270 2001 251.1 253.4 267.9 283.8 285.3 283.6 282.9 281.3 274.7 264.2 252.3 241.4 268 2002 241.4 248.6 259.1 275.3 282.5 284.5 282 278.9 273.4 265.2 256.9 245.4 266 2003 244 252.4 270.2 284.1 289.8 289.4 287.2 284.4 277.8 263 248.3 241.8 269 2004 236.7 242.5 257.4 271.1 280.6 286 285.3 281.9 277 266.8 258.9 253.4 266 2005 254.9 260.2 268.2 277.4 283 279.4 279.3 276.1 272.9 263.1 248.8 0 269 Appendix 5: The monthly norm and one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set 30/35 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records. Monthly Average and Annual Mean Ozone Thickness For the Latitudinal Band 30 / 35 Thickness measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual Mean 1997 279.5 286.7 300.3 306.9 303 299.4 291.6 283.8 279.2 278.7 277 282.5 289 1998 291.7 303.7 319.4 325.6 324.6 310.3 297.6 293.3 283.6 272.7 262.1 263.3 296 1999 270.1 281 290.8 305.2 311 303.2 297.7 293 284.4 274.7 274.1 277.3 289 2000 292.5 297.2 310.3 315 311.4 301.1 296.4 291.9 282.5 270 262.3 270.4 292 2001 285.8 292.8 309.3 320.9 317.6 304.2 297.7 292.9 280.6 272.9 266.9 266.9 292 2002 270.9 277.1 296.9 314.6 316.1 309.3 299.8 292.8 283.6 274.8 271.5 281 291 2003 290.5 309.1 317.9 323.4 321.8 311.3 300.7 294.9 283.9 271.3 264 267.4 296 2004 273.1 283.1 295 312.7 316.9 308.5 301.6 293.2 283.8 276.5 269.7 279.2 291 2005 297.6 308.9 314.2 320.3 320.2 308.1 296.9 290.9 280.8 268 261.2 0 297 Table 6: The monthly norm and one-year mean ozone thickness recorded by the TOMS for the latitudinal set 50/55 for the old ages 1997 – 2005. The ozone thickness is measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) . The one-year mean calculated does non include the nothing ( 0 ) records. Monthly Average and Annual Mean Ozone Thickness For the Latitudinal Band 50 / 55 Thickness measured in Dobson Units ( DU ) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual Mean 1997 364.4 383.4 384.9 371.4 359.2 348.3 330 312 302.7 298.7 308.8 342 342 1998 380 397.9 407.4 401.2 381.4 364.2 339.6 320.6 308.6 304.6 329.5 342.1 356 1999 365.3 387.8 413.6 391 372.9 354.7 330.8 314.9 305.6 306.7 312.2 341.4 350 2000 359.8 383.6 387 377 369.8 348.1 327.4 309 301.2 304.5 323.2 362.1 346 2001 377.5 405.3 407.3 395.9 373.6 356.3 332.4 315.6 307.5 310 309.5 343.2 353 2002 361 371.6 397.2 389 375.9 356.2 331.3 316.2 303.7 308.4 318.9 355 349 2003 378 398.4 409.5 401.8 381.2 357.7 340.1 322 307 301.4 318.3 334.8 354 2004 367.2 386.1 399.5 393.7 373.6 354.3 333.4 320.4 304.7 297 304.8 329.9 347 2005 350.2 374.5 390.5 382.6 370.2 351.7 332.7 315.3 301.7 296.6 How to cite The Ozone Behavior and Variability of Thickness, Essay examples